The itch sensation is the result of activation of a network of free nerve endings that are situated at the dermal-epidermal junction. Here we will review the most common dermatological causes of dermatitis, which account for more than 90% of lesions that itch in childhood ( Table 1). In children, skin disease (rather than systemic illness) is the most common cause of itching. Severe itching can be physically incapacitating. Pruritus can interfere with sleep and concentration, and it can be socially embarrassing. The word pruritus is derived from the Latin prurire, which means “to itch.” Defined as an unpleasant sensation that provokes the desire to scratch, 2 pruritus is the most common symptom in dermatology and one of the most challenging problems in clinical practice. The underlying cause should be treated whenever possible. 1 The cause can usually be determined via a good history and physical examination: laboratory investigations are generally not necessary. Pruritus-the most common dermatological complaint-is usually the result of a primary skin disease, but it can be a manifestation of a systemic illness. A careful history and physical examination usually reveal the diagnosis. The most common dermatological causes of pruritus are atopic and contact dermatitis, urticaria, miliaria rubra, infections, insect bites or infestations, xerosis, and aquagenic pruritus. In children, most causes of itching are the result of skin disease, not underlying systemic illness. Leung AKC, Robson WMLM. Pruritus in children: what’s itching? Consultant for Pediatricians.
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